Syntax has always been considered as the core of language in Chomskyan generative enterprise, and in turn, grammaticality as the core of syntax. Until the MINIMALIST PROGRAM, particularly in the earlier form of the Principles and Parameters Approach known as the Government and Binding Theory, the conditions governing and determining grammaticality, whether in derivational or representational modes, were those of ‘well-formedness’, i(MP)osed on syntactic operations or levels from within; that is, the conditions were not motivated by any external systems and were construed within and by syntax proper. In Government and Binding, the structural description of a linguistic expression involved four levels of representation; such levels were then checked by  various independent sub-theories (of principles), e.g. projection principle, binding and bounding, which acted as well-formedness conditions, or filters, on the relevant levels. With the advent of the MINIMALIST PROGRAM and the re-interpretation of grammaticality as ‘convergence’ at the two, and only two, interface levels, grammaticality of linguistic expressions comes to be determined language externally; that is, by cognitive performance systems, external to language, yet internal to mind. This article is an atte(MP)t to demonstrate how the re-definition of grammaticality and well-formedness conditions as convergence and legibility conditions respectively turns Minimalism into a functional theory, albeit a generative one.

The present study investigates how the Persian Clitic Left Dislocation construction (CLLD) is derived within the framework of MINIMALIST PROGRAM. In CLLD an element of a sentence is located at the beginning of the clause instead of being in its canonical position and its main position in the sentence is necessarily occupied by a resu(MP)tive clitic. In studying such construction in different languages, researchers always try to answer the question whether the initial position is the result of movement or it is base-generated. Chomsky (1977) and Cinque (1990) are among the linguists who believe that initial position in CLLD is base-generated. On the other hand, Lopez (2009) and Dobrovie-Sorin (1990) try to show that this position is derived by movement. Lee (2016) believes that this disagreement is because of the hybrid characteristics of CLLD. As an exa(MP)le, sensitivity to strong islands shows that movement takes place in this construction,but insensitivity to weak islands or not showing weak cross over (WCO) effect can challenge the movement approach to CLLD. Rizzi (1997) believes that only constructions which derived by quantificational Aʹ-movement show WCO effect,so Lee (2016) considers CLLD as the result of non-quantificational Aʹ-movement,so insensitivity to weak islands can’t challenge the movement idea of CLLD derivation. In this research we study the syntactic features of Persian CLLD to investigate whether the initial position of this structure is base-generated or it’s the result of movement. And if it is the result of movement, what kind of movement is involved.

Chomsky (1995), following on from Larson (1988, 1990), proposed the VP shell analysis to account for the derivation of verbal constructions with multiple co(MP)lements. Based on this analysis, a verb phrase structure is co(MP)osed of (a) an inner VP core headed by a lexical verb (V) and (b) an outer vP shell headed by an abstract light verb (v) with a causative/agentive interpretation. This article is an atte(MP)t to analyze the syntactic derivation of some Persian verbal constructions co(MP)rised of causative predicates, three-place predicators with phrasal co(MP)lements as well as the three-place predicators taking a clausal co(MP)lement. The VP shell analysis of these verb phrases shows that such syntactic constructions, satisfying the Uniform Theta Assignment Hypothesis (UTAH), are the result of syntactic operations such as select (ion), merge (r), head principle and binary principle. Moreover, they can be considered as split projections consisting of the inner VP core and the outer vP shell, and can be derived on the basis of MINIMALISTic principles.

In this paper, the notion of (MP)-residuated lattice, as a subclass of residuated lattices in which every prime filter contains a unique minimal prime filter, is introduced and investigated. For a residuated lattice A, the notion of ω-filter is introduced and it is shown that Ω (A), the set of ω-filters of A, is a bounded distributive lattice. Also, it is observed that γ (A), the set of coannulets of A, is a sublattice of Ω (A). Then for each prime filter P of A, the notion of the divisor filter D(P) as an i(MP)ortant tool in investigating of minimal prime filters of A is introduced and it is proved that a prime filter P is minimal prime if and only if P=D(P). Finally, by the notion of ω-filters, as an extension of divisor filters, a fundamental characterization of (MP)-residuated lattices is given and it is shown that a residuated lattice is (MP) if and only if the set of its ω-filters is a sublattice of the lattice of its filters.

In MINIMALIST PROGRAM, as a formalist model, anaphoric relations are mainly determined by syntactic relations or structural constrains. To do so, syntactic domain is mainly concerned. This approach, while ignoring the fact that anaphoric relations is mainly determined by discoursal factors and is somehow an extra sentential phenomenon, mainly focuses on syntacticconstraints which specifies special slots for refrential NPs to determine co-refrentiality. In other words, this approach is mainly concerned with intra sentential or syntactic refrentiality rather than extrarefrentiality. Thus, the present writer tries to indicate that the processes of refrentiality is both discoursal and syntactic, that is there is an interface between text-external world and text-internal world whereby language participants match these two properly and resolve such a relationship.

The purpose of the present article is to investigate the derivation of si(MP)le interrogative sentences based on MINIMALIST PROGRAM (Chomsky, 1995). Within the framework of this linguistic theory, the derivation of interrogative forms follows only one of the two options of the binary parameter [+­_ wh movement] . Hence, there is no room for optional application of wh-movement operation. However, the study of Persian interrogatives indicates that such sentences are derived in two ways: A- The occurrence of wh-phrases in situ-positions. B- The application of wh-movement. Syntactic - semantic and pragmatic considerations, in fact, give rise to different constituent orders of wh-interrogative derivations.

Minimalism is a movement in art and literature which is said to have its origin in the post- Vietnam- war America. The movement, which took place in visual arts first, has been always associated with the notions of smallness, shortness and the minimum usage of artistic representation devices; which is a sort of "reduction". This essay analyzes the MINIMALIST short story. For this purpose, a brief history of minimalism as a movement in art and fiction has been provided first. Afterward, the nature of MINIMALIST short story has been described and then some characteristics of the MINIMALIST short story, such as language, characterization, plot, etc are discussed.

This paper is an atte(MP)t to analyze the ergative constructions in Hawrami. Like other Kurdish dialects, Hawrami utilizes split ergativity only in the aorist constructions. Along with the process of Clitic Doubling, this dialect uses another mechanism for manifesting the ergative pattern. This rare mechanism is only found in Hawrami and not elsewhere in Kurdish. In the constructions, which are derived according to the second mechanism, the direct object and the subject undergo the processes of toplicalization and focusing, respectively. Hence, co(MP)aring to the other ergative constructions, which are derived on the basis of Clitic Doubling, these specific constructions bear a more marked semantic interpretation. The constituents of these marked ergative constructions follow a rigid order: the direct object appears at the beginning, the subject, which is always acco(MP)anied by Oblique case marker, gets the second position, and the final position is occupied by the past transitive verb. Making any slight change in this order would result in the ungrammaticality of the construction. The present paper, on the one hand, tries to describe the main characteristics of both marked and unmarked ergative constructions in Hawrami, and seeks to provide a theoretical account for the derivation of marked ergative constructions and their characteristics on the other. The proposed account is mainly based on the theoretical apparatus of MINIMALIST PROGRAM, especially the recently introduced notions of Split CP Hypothesis, Focus Phrase, and Topic Phrase.

The argument structure of di-transitive verbs in Iranian languages has been studied less than what it deserves. A lot of studies in this concern have been devoted to two kinds of constructions containing di-transitive verbs in English, called double object constructions and double co(MP)lement constructions. Studies in other languages have co(MP)ared them with those of English. However, in Hawrami Kurdish, there are two sorts of these verbs called main di-transitive verbs and subsidiary double object constructions. The aim of this paper was to investigate the argument structure of the main di-transitive verbs in Hawrami with due attention to determining their categorization, syntactic structure and semantic realization. These verbs were divided into two kinds of possessive transfer and location transfer and then they were described. A sa(MP)le of both kinds of verbs was analyzed under theoretical framework of MINIMALIST PROGRAM ((MP)) /Distributed Morphology (DM). The results showed that the argument structure of both kinds of verbs becomes co(MP)atible with that of low ApplP structure proposed by Pylkkanen with some revisions. Furthermore, there are more similarities and some differences between the argument structure of these two kinds of verbs, regarding their categorization, syntactic structure and semantic realization.